A new way to implement and use Shadow DOM directly in HTML.

Published on Friday, February 17, 2023

Translated to: Español, Português

Jason Miller

Jason is a Web DevRel focused on speed and the JS ecosystem.

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Mason Freed

Developer on the Chrome team

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Table of contents

• Building a Declarative Shadow Root
• Component hydration
• One shadow per root
• Streaming is cool
• Parser-only
• Server-rendering with style
• Avoiding the flash of unstyled content
• Feature detection and browser support
• Polyfill
• Further reading

Declarative Shadow DOM is a web platform feature, currently in the standardization process. It is enabled by default in Chrome version 111.

Declarative Shadow DOM has been available since Chrome 90 and Edge 91, but it used an older non-standard attribute called shadowroot instead of the standardized shadowrootmode attribute.

Denis Mashutin

Overview

Even if you are new to web development, you probably already know that there are two main web frameworks in the Python world: Django and Flask. According to the Python Developers Survey 2022 conducted by JetBrains, 39% of developers reported using either or both.

Whether you are a beginner thinking of what to learn to get your first job in web development, a developer looking for a framework to build a web application on, or a team lead considering various technologies for an upcoming project, this article should help you make the right choice.

Before diving deep, let’s take a look at the basic principles and “philosophies” of Django and Flask:

• Flask is a microframework, while Django is an “all-inclusive” one. This means that you have more flexibility in choosing the tools you want to use in Flask, whereas Django has more essential features available out of the box.
• Django enforces certain requirements on the project layout, but for a good cause, as this encourages developers to create applications with a clean and pragmatic design. Flask provides more freedom, though this may result in longer onboarding times for new team members.
• Flask and Django are both free and open source.
• Both frameworks have a large community, detailed documentation, and receive regular updates.

Now that we’ve covered the essentials, let’s compare Flask vs Django by looking at the various aspects and challenges of using each framework for web development.

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